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Origin and biological characteristics

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Sapoche tree is one of the fruit trees with high economic value, widely grown in the Red River Delta and the southern provinces of our country. Sapoche trees in the United States give fruits with delicious flavor, cool, rich in nutritional value that many people like to use. To learn more about this plant, invite your friends to join the Agricultural Information Channel to learn about the origin and characteristics of plants and growth of this crop.

1. The origin of the sapoche tree in the US

Sapoche tree (American sapote) many people still mistakenly think this is the native fruit of Vietnam. But the truth is not so, sapoche tree is also known as Hong Siam tree, the tree is grown in Vietnam from Thailand. This plant is native to Southern Mexico, Northern Belize and North-Eastern Guatemala. After that, it was propagated and grown widely throughout tropical South America, the Eastern Indies and the Florida region (USA).

During the colonial period, sapoche trees from the US were introduced to Vietnam. Since then, the Vietnamese have bred many famous local varieties of sapoche such as sapoche in Xuan Dinh (a suburb of Hanoi), and oblong-fruited sapoche in Can Tho.

Later, sapoche was studied for commercial exploitation. People have carried out crossbreeding to create varieties with high quality and high yielding fruit. The Russell strain was first bred in the Florida Keys for large, round fruit up to 10cm in diameter, with reddish brown skin with gray streaks. Sapoche fruit of this variety has light red flesh, sweet taste but uneven yield.

The most widely grown strain today is the Prolific variety, bred at Homestead in 1951. This variety produces spherical fruits with a diameter of about 6.2 – 9cm. The fruit is oblong in shape, has a pink-brown flesh and has a rather sweet taste. The advantage of this variety is that it gives very high fruit yield. The American sapoche of the Brown Sugar variety also came from Homestead in 1948. This variety produces medium-sized fruit, about 5-7cm long, almost round. The fruit has a thin, light brown skin, very fragrant, sweet and succulent.

Today, the American sapoche tree is widely grown all over the world and has become one of the delicious and nutritious fruits that many people love.

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Currently, sapoche varieties grown in Vietnam mainly come from Thailand (Source: Internet)

2. Botanical characteristics of sapoche in America

The American sapoche tree has the scientific name of Manilkara zapota. In our country, the tree is also known as sapodilla, sapoche, jam cage. This is a woody, perennial plant.

Sapoche trees in the US can grow from 2 to 10m tall. The bark is rich in white, gum-like sap. This type of substance is often exploited for industrial use. The leaves are concentrated at the tips of the branches. Leaves glossy on upper side, green. Leaves are elliptical or oval, depending on the variety. American sapoche leaves are about 7-15cm long with smooth edges.

Sapoche plants produce white flowers, shaped like bells and have 6 lobed corolla. The fruit is oval like a goose egg with a diameter of about 4 – 8cm, smooth, light yellow.

The fruit of the American sapoche tree is a berry. The fruit is usually spherical or egg-shaped, elongated depending on the variety. The fruit is about 4-8cm in diameter, containing 2-10 seeds. The fruit has a pale yellow-brown skin. The flesh inside is reddish brown, smooth. Eat sweet and cool. Seeds are black.

The fruit of the American sapoche tree should only be eaten when it is ripe because when it is green it contains a lot of sticky resin like latex. It has a very unpleasant acrid taste. To know if the fruit is ripe or not, people can squeeze the peel to see if it is still hard or soft because the color of the peel usually does not change from childhood to maturity, so we cannot base on the rind to determine such a number. other fruit.

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Sapoche fruit has a delicious taste, rich in nutrients, so it is loved by many people (Source: Internet)

3. Growth characteristics of sapoche in the US

Sapoche trees in the United States are perennial herbaceous plants with a slow growth rate. The tree is resistant to strong winds and has many branches. The plant is able to grow well in tropical climates. Mature plants can tolerate temperatures between 16 and 28 degrees F.

The conditions for the American sapoche tree to grow and develop well are areas with a temperature of 23-34 degrees Celsius, with an average annual rainfall of 1,000-1,500mm. The plant grows well on soil with a pH of 4.5 – 6.5, the most suitable soil is light, nutrient-rich and well-drained soil.

Sapoche trees bear fruit twice a year. However, flowers can bloom all year, except where the temperature drops below 15 – 17 °C.

Above is information about sapoche trees in the US. Hopefully the information in the article will help people better understand this plant in order to have appropriate planting and care measures.

>>> See more: Nutritional value and health benefits of mango sapodilla

– Reference information compiled by the Doctor of Agriculture –

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